Chemical composition for combustible tip used for friction matches and method for manufacturing same

ABSTRACT

Chemical composition for combustible tip including such inflammable components as vinyl acetate, cellulosic substance and shellac instead of sulfur used in the conventional chemical composition of sulphurated tip so as to effectively obviate production of disgustful fume and poisonous effect on the human body at the time of ignition and inflammation. Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing such chemical composition for combustible tip through development and uniform dispersion of very fine air voids in the composition by active stirring.

United States Patent Hi'ikata Nov. 27, 1973 [54] CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONFOR 2,130,115 9/1938 Biddle 149/85 X COMBUSTIBLE TIP USED FOR FRICTION2,496,815 2/ 1950 Ringer 149/85 X MATCHES AND METHOD FOR 3,321,3425/1967 Tigrett et a1. 149/85 X 3,634,152 l/1972 Yanagisawa et al. 149/18X MANUFACTURING SAME [75] Inventor: I-Iiroshi I-Iiiikata, Shizuoka,Japan Primary Examinerl ,eland A. Sebastian 731 Assignee: Shizuoka MatchCo., 1.111., MOWPKW Shizuoka-ken, Japan 22 Filed: Aug. 14, 1972 IABfSTRAC: b1 1 d emica composition or com usti e tip inc u ing [211 App!280594 such inflammable components as vinyl acetate, cellulosicsubstance and shellac instead of sulfur used in 52 us. Cl 149/18, 44/42,149/2, the conventional chemical composition of Solphuratod 149/g5 tipso as to effectively obviate production of disgustful 5] Int. Cl. C06f3/00 fume and poisonous effect on the human y at the 58 Field of Search44/42; 149/18; time of ignition and inflammation Also disclosed is o49/85 method for manufacturing such chemical composition for combustibletip through development and uniform 5 References Cited dispersion ofvery fine air voids in the composition by UNITED STATES PATENTS 2/1922Fairbum 149/85 X active stirring.

19 Claims, No Drawings CHEMICAL COMPOSITION FOR COMBUSTIBLE TIP USED FORFRICTION MATCHES AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME The present inventionrelates to improved chemical composition for combustible tip used forfriction matches and method for manufacturing same. More particularlythe present invention relates to a chemical composition used forfriction matches not containing sulfur used in the conventional chemicalcomposition of sulphurated tip for friction matches and to a method formanufacturing same.

The conventional sulphurated tip of friction matches are in generalcomposed of about 46 percent by weight of potassium chlorate, about 22.5percent by weight of glass powder, about 7.7 percent by weight ofdiatomaceous earth, about 0.7 percent by weight of potassium bichromate,about 8.5 percent by weight of sulfur, about 0.7 percent by weight ofturpentine and about 14 percent by weight of glue. Because sulfur isused as the major inflammable component in the chemical blend forsulphurated tip, sulfur dioxide which gas disgustful fume and harmfuleffect on the human body is produced at the time of inflammation of thesulphurated tip. in addition to such disadvantages, it is very difficultto adjust the content, dimension and degree of dispersion of air voidsin the configuration of the sulphurated tip of the friction match. Owingto such difficulty in the adjustment during the production process, onecannot expect uniform ignitability and inflammation speed of thesulphurated tip from match to match. That is, when the content of theair voids in the sulphurated tip is too small, the surface condition ofthe sulphurated tip may be uniform but the resultant ignitability andinflammability are so large that the sulphurated tip may scatter at thetime of inflammation. On the contrary, when the content of the air voidsin the sulphurated tip is too large, the resultant surface condition ofthe sulphurated tip is undesirably degraded, its inflammation is tooquick and the sulphurated tip is provided with uneven and fragileconfiguration.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a newnon-sulfur containing tip for friction matches with improved chemicalcomposition and free of the above described disadvantages possessed bythe sulphurated tip of friction matches of the conventional chemicalcomposition.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a non-sulfurcontaining tip friction matches which are free of production ofdisgustful fume and are less harmful to human body at the time ofinflammation.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a non-sulfurcontaining combustible tip for friction matches having uniform andstable ignitability and inflammability.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a method formanufacturing novel non-sulfur containing combustible tip for frictionmatches of the above described characteristic features.

In order to attain the above described objects, the chemical compositionused for friction matches of the present invention comprises potassiumchlorate, powdered glass, diatomaceous earth, turpentine, glue, suchinflammable organic component as vinyl acetate, cellulosic substance andshellac, aluminium hydroxide and starch and/or sugar.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the chemicalcomposition for the combustible tip may include titanium dioxide.

In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the chemicalcomposition for the combustible tip may comprises potassium bichlomate.I

The chemical composition of sulphurated tip of the above describedfeature is manufactured by the method of the present inventioncharacterized in that a spongy mixed solution of glue with potassiumchlorate is first formed and stirred actively; such inorganic fillets aspowdered glass and aluminium hydroxide, such inflammable organiccomponents as cellulosic substance and shellac, and starch and or sugaradded to the solution so prepared; vinyl acetate is added to the mixedsolution so obtained and the latter is stirred.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method ischaracterized in that titanium dioxide is further added to the firstprepared solution together with the inorganic filler.

In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the method ischaracterized in that aqueous solution of potassium bichromate isfurther added to the first prepared solution after which the latter isactively stirred.

As is clear from above description, in the art of the present invention,such inflammable organic substance as vinyl acetate and cellulosicmaterial or materials such as powdered wood pulp or partially nitratedpowdered wood pulp are used as substitutes for sulfur in the chemicalcomposition for combustible tips of the conventional friction matches.In the case of the desirable embodiment, shellac may be included in thematch composition as the inflammable organic substance also. In additionto this, some quantity of starch and or sugar is added to the matchcomposition. Further, a small quantity of aluminium hydroxide is addedto the mixture of the inorganic filler including powdered glass, etc.,and the oxidizer including potassium chlorate etc.

Because the chemical composition of the tip of the present inventiondoes not contain sulfur, no sulfur dioxide gas is produced at the timeof the inflammation thereof. Further, addition of vinyl acetate andaluminium hydroxide to the composition greatly contribute to the uniformdispersion of the fine air voids during the manufacturing processthereof and to the maintenance of such very fine and well dispersed airvoids in the configuration of the tip of the friction match. Presence ofsuch very fine and uniformly dispersed 'air voids provides the tip ofthe friction match with enhanced durability against humidity during thestorage thereof and increases commercial value. Excellent and reliableignitimability is assured by the presence of starch and- /or sugar inthe match composition and by the spongy configuration of the tip causedby the presence of the very fine and uniformly dispersed air voids.Especially, the presence of starch and/or sugar in the chemicalcomposition of the tip results in strong, stable and long inflammationeven under very severe surrounding condition in the actual use thereof,e.g. in a very strongly windy condition. In addition to this, aftercompletion of inflammation, the tip will maintain its shape before theinflammation and the undesirable scattering thereof can be effectivelyobviated, i. e. the friction match having the tip of the presentinvention can be used with increased safety.

According to a desirable embodiment of the present invention, thechemical composition of tip inculudes from 48.0 to 50.0 percent byweight of potassium chlorated, up to 1.0 percent by weight of potassiumbichromate, from 24.0 to 26.0 percent by weight of powdered glass, from3.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of diatomaceous earth, from 2.5 to 3.0percent by weight of titanium dioxide, from L to 1.5 percent by weightof aluminium hydroxide, from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of vinylacetate, from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of cellulosic material, from0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of shellac, from 1.0 to 1.5 percent byweight of turpentine, from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of sugar and/orstarch and from 14.0 to 15.0 percent by weight of glue.

The tip of the friction match of the present invention having theabove-described chemical composition is manufactured by the followingmethod.

In the first place, 40 percent solution of glue is prepared and stirredfor from 40 to 50 seconds while the temperature of the solution is keptat 80 C. Then, p0- tassium chlorate is added to this solution and themixture is stirred vigorously for about minutes so that the solution isbrought to a spongy condition through development and mixing of veryfine air voids. When desired, a prescribed quantity of potassiumbichromate is further added to this spongy solution. In case when tipsof white color are desired to be manufactured, this addition ofpotassium bichromate is omitted. Further, hot water is added to thisspongy solution for adjustment of the viscosity and the temperature ofsame is maintained at from 50 to 60 C. Next, the inorganic fillerincluding powdered glass, titanium dioxide and aluminium hydroxide etc.,the inflammable substances including cellulosic materials and shellacetc., starch and vinyl acetate are slowly and successively added to thespongy solution while stirring. When sugar is used as a substitute forstarch, sugar in the condition of an aqueous solution is thereafteradded to the mixture. When necessary, hot water of from 50 to 60 C isfurther added thereto and a blended solution of the viscosity from 40 to70 obtained by suitable stirring after addition of the hot water. Thematch composition thus obtained is disposed to tip portions of matchsticks in usual manner so as to obtain the non-sulfur containingcombustible tips of the present invention.

By actively stirring the mixed solution of glue with potassium chlorate,potassium chlorate is well mixed with glue solution, very fine air voidsare developed and the very fine air voids so developed are uniformlydispersed in the solution so that the resultant solution is providedwith spongy configuration. Next, the inorganic filler, the organicinflammable substances and starch are mixed to spongy solution whilemaintaining the very fine air voids in the configuration of thesolution. Addition of such components as vinyl acetate, shellac andturpentine greatly assists the development and long lasting maintenanceof the very fine air voids. In addition to this, their coexistence withaluminium hydroxide in the chemical blend for the tip greatlycontributes to the maintenance of such very fine air voids and theiruniform dispersion even after the chemical blend is dried. This resultsin the moderate ignitablility and inflamnation speed of the tip in theactual use. Particularly, the addition of starch and/or sugar furthercontributes to the escalation of the above-described effects. Furtheraddition of such component or components results in the strong and longlasting inflammation in the actual use of the friction match of thepresent invention. Therefore, the flame can well with-stand the blow ofwind and active inflammation can be revived even when the inflammationis once weakened. Therefore, the friction match with the tip of thepresent invention finds particularly excellent utility when it is usedin the strongly windy atmosphere. Furthermore, addition of suchcomponents as vinyl acetate and she]- lac etc. provides the resultanttip of the present invention with beautiful appearance and enhancedresistance against humidity attack during the storage thereof. Reliableignition, uniform inflammation speed, complete inflammation, noscattering of the match composition during the inflammation of the tipand maintenance of the orignial shape of the tip after the inflammationcan be assured through employment of the art of the present invention.Further, the employment of the art of the present invention in themanufacturing of the friction matches does not form any bar to thefreedom in the selection of the color of the tips, which freedom is veryimportant from the commercial point of view in the match industry.

The following examples are illustrative of the present invention, butare not to be construed as limiting same.

EXAMPLE 1.

5600 g. of 40 percent aqueous solution of glue was heated to atemperature of C and stirred for about 40 seconds. Then, 7,400 g. ofpotassium chlorate was added there-to and the mixture was furtherstirred very actively for about 10 miuntes so that the solution wasplaced in a spongy condition through development and mixing of very fineair voids. Further 2 l. of hot water was added to this spongy solutionand the temperature of same was maintained at 50 C. A blend, which arecomposed of g. of shellac, 100 g. of turpentine, 200 g. of powdered woodpulp, 200 g. of starch, 3,800 g. of powdered glass, 400 g. of titaniumdioxide, 500 g. of diatomaceous earth and 200 g. of aluminum hydroxide,was further added slowly to the spongy solution so obtained while thelatter was being stirred. After completion of this addition, 100 g. ofvinyl acetate was added and the blended solution further stirred for 5to 6 minutes. Finally, 3 l. of water of 50 C temperature was addedthere-to and the blended solution so obtained was uniformly stirred toan appreciable extent. Friction matches having the white tips made up ofthe chemical blend so prepared were produced in usual manner. Throughthe actual use test of the friction match so obtained, it was fairlyconfirmed that they had very excellent ignitability and inflammabilityeven under severe surrounding conditions, e. g. in very strongly windyatmosphere.

EXAMPLE 2.

5,600 g. of 40 percent aqueous solution of glue was heated to atemperature of 80 C and stirred for about 40 seconds. Then, 7,300 g. ofpotassium chlorate was added there-to and the mixture was furtherstirred very actively for about 10 minutes so as to bring the solutionto a spongy condition through development and mixing of very fine airvoids. After addition of 100 g. of potassium bichromate, 2 l. of hotwater was added to the blended solution and the temperature of same wasmaintained at 55 C. A blend, which was composed of 4,200 g. of powderedglass, 500 g. of diatomaceous earth, 100 g. of titanium dioxide, 200 g.of aluminium hydroxide, 100 g. of powdered cotton, 200 g. of turpentiveand 100 g. of shellac was further added slowly to the blended solutionso obtained while the latter was being stirred. After completion of thisaddition, 100 g. of vinyl acetate was slowly added, an aqueous solutioncontaining 200 g. of sugar was further added there-t0 and the blendedsolution so obtained was uniformly stirred to an appreciable extent.Friction matches having the red tips made up of the chemical blend soprepared were produced in usual manner. Through the actual use test ofthe friction matches so obtained, it was fairly confirmed that they hadvery desirable ignitability and inflammability even under severesurrounding conditions, e. g. in very strongly windy and humidatmosphere.

EXAMPLE 3.

5,600 g. of 40 percent aqueous solution of glue was heated to atemperature of 80 C and stirred for about 40 seconds. Then, 7,400 g. ofpotassium chlorate was added there-to and the mixture was furtherstirred vigorously for about minutes so that the solution was brought toa spongy condition through development and mixing of fine air voids.Further, 2 l. of hot water was added to this spongy solution and thetemperature of same was maintained at 50 C. A blend, which was composedof 100 g. of shellac, 100 g. of turpentine, 200 g. of partially nitratedpowdered wood pulp, 200 g. of sugar, 3,800 g. of powdered glass, 400 g.of titanium dioxide, 500 g. of diatomaceous earth and 200 g. ofaluminium hydroxide, was further added slowly to the blended solution soobtained while the latter was being stirred. After completion of thisaddition, 100 g. of vinyl acetate was added and the blended solution wasfurther stirred for 5 to 6 minutes. Finally, 3 l. of water of 50 C wasadded there-to and the solution so obtained was uniformly stirred to anappreciable extent. Friction matches having the tips made up of thechemical blend so prepared were produced in usual manner. By the actualuse test of the friction matches so obtained, it was fairly confirmedthat they were provided with very excellent ignitability andinflammability even under severe surrounding conditions, e. g. in verystrongy windy atmosphere.

When the friction matches of this example are compared with the ones ofexample 1, it was learned that a better inflaming condition there-of canbe assured by substitution of the partially nitated powdered wood pulpfor the usual powdered wood pulp.

What is claimed is:'

1. Improved chemical composition for combustible tips for frictionmatches, said composition comprising potassium chlorate, powdered glass,diatomaceous earth, turpentine, glue, an inflammable organic componentvinyl acetate, cellulosic substance and shellac, aluminum hydroxide anda member selected from the group consisting of starch and sugar.

2. Improved chemical composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising from2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of said inflammable organic component, from1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of aluminum hydroxide and from 0.5 to 2.5percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting ofstarch and sugar.

3. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of vinyl acetate.

4. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim2 comprising from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of cellulosic substance.Y

5. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of shellac.

6. lmproved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim1 further comprising titanium dioxide.

7. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim6 wherein the content ratio of said titanium dioxide is in a range from2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight.

8. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim1 further comprising potassium bichromate.

9. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim8 where the content ratio of said potassium bichromate is in a range upto 1.0 percent by weight.

10. A method for manufacturing combustible tip friction matches whichmethod comprises, combining glue with potassium chlorate, activelystirring the mixture of glue with potassium chlorate to a spongymixture, adding inorganic fillers selected from the group consisting ofpowdered glass and aluminum hydroxide to the spongy mixture, addingcellulosic substance and shellac to the spongy mixture, adding a memberof the group consisting of starch and sugar to the spongy mixture,thereafter adding vinyl acetate to the spongy mixture and stirring themass to uniform mixture, and applying the resulting mixture to tips ofmatch sticks.

11. The method as claimed in claim 10 wherein the blending ratio of saidinflammable organic compound is in the range from 2.0 to 3.5 percent byweight of the finally obtained composition, the blending ratio of saidaluminum hydroxide is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight ofthe finally obtained composition, and the blending ratio of said memberof the group consisting of starch and sugar is in a range from 0.5 to2.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition.

12. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of saidvinyl acetate is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of thefinally .obtained, combustible tip composition.

13. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of saidcellulosic substance is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight ofthe finally obtained combustible tip composition.

14. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of saidshellac is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the finallyobtained combustible tip composition.

15. Method as claimed in claim, 10 further comprising adding titaniumdioxide together with said inorganic filler.

16. Method as claimed in claim 15 wherein the blending ratio of saidtitanium dioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight of thefinally obtained combustible tip composition.

17. Method as claimed in claim 10 further comprising adding aqueoussolution of potassium bichromate to said spongy mixed solution of gluewith potassium chlorate after said active stirring.

18. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said spongy mixed solution isactively stirred for about 10 minutes so that very fine air voids aredeveloped and uniformly dispersed in the solution.

19. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said sugar is added at a stageafter addition of said vinyl acetate.

2. Improved chemical composition as claimed in claim 1 comprising from2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of said inflammable organic component, from1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of aluminum hydroxide and from 0.5 to 2.5percent by weight of a member selected from the group consisting ofstarch and sugar.
 3. Improved chemical composition of combustible tipsas claimed in claim 2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight ofvinyl acetate.
 4. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips asclaimed in claim 2 comprising from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight ofcellulosic substance.
 5. Improved chemical composition of combustibletips as claimed in claim 2 comprising from 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weightof shellac.
 6. Improved chemical composition of combustible tips asclaimed in claim 1 further comprising titanium dioxide.
 7. Improvedchemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 6 whereinthe content ratio of said titanium dioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0percent by weight.
 8. Improved chemical composition of combustible tipsas claimed in claim 1 further comprising potassium bichromate. 9.Improved chemical composition of combustible tips as claimed in claim 8where the content ratio of said potassium bichromate is in a range up to1.0 percent by weight.
 10. A method for manufacturing combustible tipfriction matches which method comprises, combining glue with potassiumchlorate, actively stirring the mixture of glue with potassium chlorateto a spongy mixture, adding inorganic fillers selected from the groupconsisting of powdered glass and aluminum hydroxide to the spongyMixture, adding cellulosic substance and shellac to the spongy mixture,adding a member of the group consisting of starch and sugar to thespongy mixture, thereafter adding vinyl acetate to the spongy mixtureand stirring the mass to uniform mixture, and applying the resultingmixture to tips of match sticks.
 11. The method as claimed in claim 10wherein the blending ratio of said inflammable organic compound is inthe range from 2.0 to 3.5 percent by weight of the finally obtainedcomposition, the blending ratio of said aluminum hydroxide is in a rangefrom 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight of the finally obtained composition,and the blending ratio of said member of the group consisting of starchand sugar is in a range from 0.5 to 2.5 percent by weight of the finallyobtained composition.
 12. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein theblending ratio of said vinyl acetate is in a range from 0.5 to 1.0percent by weight of the finally obtained, combustible tip composition.13. Method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of saidcellulosic substance is in a range from 1.0 to 1.5 percent by weight ofthe finally obtained combustible tip composition.
 14. Method as claimedin claim 11 wherein the blending ratio of said shellac is in a rangefrom 0.5 to 1.0 percent by weight of the finally obtained combustibletip composition.
 15. Method as claimed in claim 10 further comprisingadding titanium dioxide together with said inorganic filler.
 16. Methodas claimed in claim 15 wherein the blending ratio of said titaniumdioxide is in a range from 2.5 to 3.0 percent by weight of the finallyobtained combustible tip composition.
 17. Method as claimed in claim 10further comprising adding aqueous solution of potassium bichromate tosaid spongy mixed solution of glue with potassium chlorate after saidactive stirring.
 18. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said spongymixed solution is actively stirred for about 10 minutes so that veryfine air voids are developed and uniformly dispersed in the solution.19. Method as claimed in claim 10 wherein said sugar is added at a stageafter addition of said vinyl acetate.